OSMT (Ontario Society of Medical Technologists) Practice Exam

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Complete histocompatibility is found in:

siblings
identical twins
humans
Races

The correct answer is: identical twins

The correct choice highlights that identical twins possess complete histocompatibility due to their genetic makeup. Identical twins originate from a single fertilized egg that splits into two embryos, sharing the same DNA. This genetic identity means that any organ or tissue transplanted between them is unlikely to be rejected by the immune system, as there are no differences in their major histocompatibility complex (MHC) markers, which play a crucial role in immune response. Although siblings share a significant amount of genetic material, they are not genetically identical, leading to variations in their MHC markers and, consequently, some potential for histocompatibility issues during organ transplantation. In humans in general, there is diversity in these markers across the population, making complete histocompatibility unlikely. Racial groups may show genetic similarities within the group, but there is still a wide range of genetic diversity that affects histocompatibility, further indicating that complete histocompatibility is not present in these contexts.