OSMT (Ontario Society of Medical Technologists) Practice Exam

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Hb A is composed of:

Two alpha and two beta chains
Two alpha and two gamma chains
Two alpha and two delta chains
Two alpha and two epsilon chains

The correct answer is: Two alpha and two beta chains

Hemoglobin A (Hb A) is the predominant form of hemoglobin found in adult humans. It is comprised of two alpha (α) chains and two beta (β) chains. This structural composition allows Hb A to effectively carry oxygen from the lungs to the tissues and return carbon dioxide from the tissues to the lungs. Each of the four chains forms a globular protein, enabling the binding of oxygen to the iron-containing heme groups within the chains. Other options reflect different types of hemoglobin found in the body but are not characteristic of Hb A. For example, gamma chains are present in fetal hemoglobin (Hb F), while delta chains are seen in a small fraction of adult hemoglobin (Hb A2). Epsilon chains occur in embryonic hemoglobin. The specific combination of two alpha and two beta chains is crucial for the proper function of Hb A, ensuring efficient oxygen transport and release in various tissues.