OSMT (Ontario Society of Medical Technologists) Practice Exam

What is putrefaction equivalent to?

1. a. Autolysis

2. b. bacterial decomposition

3. c. haemolysis

4. d. neutralization

The correct answer is: b. bacterial decomposition

Putrefaction refers specifically to the process of decay or decomposition that occurs in organic matter, commonly associated with the action of bacteria. During putrefaction, anaerobic bacteria particularly thrive, leading to the breakdown of tissues and the production of gases, odors, and various by-products. This biological process is a critical phase in the decomposition of dead organisms, contributing significantly to nutrient recycling in ecosystems. Bacterial decomposition aligns closely with this concept, as it encompasses the overall role that bacteria play in breaking down organic matter, especially in the absence of oxygen, which is fundamental to the definition of putrefaction. This process involves not only the physical breakdown of cells and tissues but also chemical changes that result in the formation of simpler organic and inorganic compounds. In contrast, autolysis refers to the self-digestion or breakdown of cells due to their own enzymes, which can occur before significant microbial action. Hemolysis is the destruction of red blood cells and is typically associated with certain pathological conditions or processes, not general decomposition. Neutralization involves the chemical process of balancing an acid and a base, which is unrelated to biological decay. Thus, the link between putrefaction and bacterial decomposition is clear, making it the most accurate answer in this context.