OSMT (Ontario Society of Medical Technologists) Practice Exam

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Which statement is NOT true of neuron structure?

  1. The myelin sheath provides electrical insulation for neurons

  2. The axon carries impulses away from the cell body

  3. The nucleus is located within the end of the axon

  4. The neurolemma of the PNS is formed by Schwann's cells and is necessary for regeneration of damaged axons or dendrites

The correct answer is: The nucleus is located within the end of the axon

The statement that the nucleus is located within the end of the axon is not true of neuron structure. The nucleus of a neuron is actually located within the cell body or soma, not at the end of the axon. The cell body contains the nucleus and most of the organelles required for the neuron's metabolic activities. The axon is a long fiber that carries impulses away from the cell body to other neurons or effector cells. The myelin sheath, formed by oligodendrocytes in the CNS and Schwann cells in the PNS, provides electrical insulation for neurons, which helps to speed up the transmission of nerve impulses. The neurolemma, also known as the neurilemma, is the outer nucleated cytoplasmic layer of Schwann cells that is essential for the regeneration of damaged axons or dendrites in the peripheral nervous system (PNS).

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